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FRANKOMA POTTERY
1976
CHRISTMAS GREETING CARD
WHITE SANDS
UNUSUAL GRAY BOTTOM
DEPICTS LIBERTY BELL
AND A MORNING STAR OVER AMERICA
GOD BLESS AMERICA, AMERICA BLESS GOD
(COME LORD JESUS, COME!!!)
7.5cm WIDE
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FYI
John Frank and Frankoma Pottery
John Frank had just graduated from the Chicago Art Institute in 1927 when he was hired by the University of Oklahoma to establish the school's first Ceramic Art Department in the fall of that year. While he taught at the university until 1936, he also became restless to follow his dream, and in 1933 started his own commercial pottery manufacturing business. His ambition was to create a line of fine art ware and sculpture that people of even the most modest of family incomes could afford to own and enjoy in their home.
An associate, Sculpture Professor Joseph Taylor, and student employee Ray Murray, contributed several works of their own to help the fledgling enterprise get into production and, along with his own designs, John Frank established Frank Potteries. The company's first trademark was a large ceramic vase with a Taylor pacing cat in the foreground, known as the "Pot and Puma" logo. It would represent the offering of both art ware and sculpture. A year later, Mr. Frank's wife Grace Lee, whom he had met and married during the first year after his arrival, suggested that, because it was Oklahoma's only commercial pottery, the company name should incorporate both their name and the last three letters of Oklahoma. The new name became Frankoma Potteries.
Those were depression years, and not many could afford to buy more than the bare necessities, much less art. The business struggled to survive, as did the Frank family. With their second child on the way, John and Grace Lee Frank began looking for a new location to build their business, and in the spring of 1938 they moved to Sapulpa, a small town just southwest of Tulsa. With the help of Grace Lee's carpenter father, a new building to house the manufacturing of their pottery was built. But in only a matter of months, it was destroyed by fire, along with most of the master molds.
To rebuild and re-establish Frankoma was looked upon as foolish and hopeless by everyone but John and Grace Lee Frank, beings of uncompromising faith and determination. Together, John and Grace Lee did rebuild Frankoma, though there were years of seemingly insurmountable obstacles and devastating setbacks. But they were not to be defeated in performing the work that they felt deeply was their destiny to fulfill.
In 1942 the Franks created and introduced a line of Southwestern dinnerware that for years later was to be Frankoma's signature line, featuring the common Wagon Wheel. Frankoma became the pioneer in colored tableware, with designs in bold bas-relief, never before presented to the public. In 1947 the Mayan-Aztec line of dinnerware was introduced, and it too was a popular success. New colors were introduced that reflected the essence and flavor of the Southwest, such as Prairie Green, Desert Gold, White Sand, and Onyx Black.
As a young man, Mr. Frank had dedicated his life to serving God by serving His people, and from that he never wavered. His love for people inspired him to speak to hundreds of thousands of young people and adults alike, demonstrating on his potter's wheel what it means to be "clay in the Master's hands." His gifts to churches, service organizations, people in need, and young people in need of assistance to finish their education, is legendary. In 1971, he was chosen Outstanding Small Businessman in
Mr. Frank passed away in 1973, and his artist daughter Joniece became President and CEO of Frankoma Pottery for the following eighteen years, a role she had prepared herself for all her life. In 1983, at the company's all-time peak of success, fire destroyed Frankoma for a second time. Although it was rebuilt, the business struggled to recover. Joniece was forced to sell the business in 1991. Grace Lee Frank passed away in 1996.Today, the Frank house is opened each September at national convention time exclusively to members of the Association.
Beginning in 1960 the youngest daughter, Joniece, worked by her father's side and began designing pieces. In 1971 John Frank was honored as the Outstanding Small Businessman in Oklahoma and the United States. Joniece Frank inherited the business after her father's death on November 10, 1973. Despite fires that destroyed the plant in 1938 and 1983 and a bankruptcy in 1990, Frankoma Pottery remained in business. In March 1991 Richard Bernstein, a Maryland pewter maker and investor, purchased the company and appointed Kyle Costa as president and Joniece Frank as vice president. At the turn of the twenty-first century Frankoma Pottery employed approximately fifty employees. Its pieces have become collectors' items, resulting in the formation of Frankoma Family Collectors Association in 1994.Oklahoma, and went on to receive the award for Outstanding Small Businessman in America.
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Patriots (also known as American Whigs, Revolutionaries, Congress-Men or Rebels) was the name the colonists of the British Thirteen United Colonies, who rebelled against British control during the American Revolution, called themselves. It was their leading figures who, in July 1776, declared the United States of America an independent nation. Their rebellion was based on the political philosophy of republicanism, as expressed by pamphleteers such as Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, and Thomas Paine.
They called themselves Whigs after 1768, identifying with members of the British Whig Party, i.e., Radical Whigs and Patriot Whigs, who favored similar colonial policies.
As a group, Patriots represented an array of social, economic, ethnic and racial backgrounds. They included college students like Alexander Hamilton, planters like Thomas Jefferson, merchants like Alexander McDougall, and plain farmers like Daniel Shays and Joseph Plumb Martin.
About the Patriots
The Patriots came from many different backgrounds. Among the most active of the Patriots group were highly educated and fairly wealthy individuals. However, without the support of the ordinary men and women, such as farmers, lawyers, mechanics, seamstresses, homemakers, shopkeepers, and ministers, the struggle for independence would have failed.
In 2000 historian Robert Calhoon estimated that in the Thirteen Colonies between 40 and 45 percent of the white population supported the Patriots' cause:
Historians' best estimates put the proportion of adult white male loyalists somewhere between 15 and 20 percent. Approximately half the colonists of European ancestry tried to avoid involvement in the struggle — some of them deliberate pacifists, others recent emigrants, and many more simple apolitical folk. The patriots received active support from perhaps 40 to 45 percent of the white populace, and at most no more than a bare majority.
Those colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown called themselves Loyalists, "Tories", or "King's men." In addition, many people remained neutral or said nothing. Examples of this were some merchants, who did not want to lose trade ties with the British. The Patriots were very unskillful in the first battle against the British.
Many Patriots were active before 1775 in groups such as the Sons of Liberty. The most prominent leaders of the Patriots are referred to today by Americans as the Founding Fathers of the United States.
Psychology
One way to understand the Patriots is to compare their psychology with that of the Loyalists. Labaree (1948) has identified eight characteristics of the Loyalists that made them essentially conservative; opposite traits characterized the patriots. Psychologically, Loyalists were older, better established, and resisted innovation. They thought resistance to the Crown—the legitimate government—was morally wrong, while the Patriots thought morality was on their side. They were alienated when the Patriots resorted to violence, such as burning houses and tarring and feathering. Loyalists wanted to take a middle-of-the road position and were angry when forced by the Patriots to declare their opposition. Many Loyalists, especially merchants in the port cities, had a long-standing sentimental attachment to Britain (often with business and family links to other parts of the British Empire). Some Loyalists were procrastinators who realized that independence was bound to come some day, but wanted to postpone the moment; the Patriots wanted to seize the moment. Loyalists were cautious and afraid of anarchy or tyranny that might come from mob rule; Patriots made a systematic effort to use and control mob violence. Finally, Labaree argues that Loyalists were pessimists who lacked the confidence in the future displayed by the Patriots.
No taxation without representation
Americans rejected taxes not imposed by their own legislatures. "No taxation without representation!" was their slogan—referring to the lack of representation in the British parliament. The British countered there was "virtual representation," that is, all members of Parliament represented the interests of all the citizens of the British Empire.
Though Patriots declared that they were loyal to the king, they believed that the assemblies should control issues relating just to the colonies. They should be able to run themselves. In fact, they had been running themselves after the period of "salutary neglect" before the French and Indian War. Some radical Patriots tarred and feathered tax collectors and customs officers, making those positions dangerous, especially in New England, where there were the most Patriots.
Because the New England economy was based upon trade, these new British taxes affected their lives and economy the most.
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